How To Handling Dystocia in The Cattle

Dystocia was a difficult birth, which requires help from the outside. Without the help of birth will fail and almost always followed the death of the parent animals and the kids. The opposite of etokia or distokia is an easy birth. Said dystocia (dysticia) derived from the Greek dys = difficult, tokos = birth, which means the difficulty of birth.

While etokia is a normal physiological birth, children born with ease and took place without any help, if you still need help, the help was very small.

Distokia incidence in cattle was estimated to 3.3% incidence in dairy cows more than beef and more frequently in the FH and Hereford. Dystocia more common in cattle that is always locked or caged compared with cows that released in the wild.

Cause Dystocia In The Cow

A.. Cause dystocia can come from children who are still in the womb and can also come from the parent. Common cause of children caused by abnormalities of the position and posture of the fetus is too large.

a. Abnormalities of the fetus position are:

1. Abnormalities of the location of the head as the neck bends left
2. Abnormality lies the head that leads to the chest
3. Abnormalities of the left front leg bent at the carpal
4. Abnormalities of the left and right carpal swelling
5. Swelling of the left shoulder disorder
6. Abnormalities of swelling of the right tarsus
7. Abnormalities of swelling in both hind legs
8. Swelling of the right hip abnormalities
9. Abnormalities of the posterior longitudinal, dorsoilialsinistra position and bending the left rear leg.
10. Abnormalities of the anterior longitudinal dorso position pubis
11. Abnormalities of the posterior longitudinal dorso position pubis
12. Dorsal transverse aberration, dextra ilial positions.

b. Abnormalities of the fetus posture

1. Fetal ascites
2. Tumors of the fetus
3. Enlargement of the body cavity
4. Fetal abnormalities and monsters

B. Narrowing or stenosis of the birth canal or in the way a normal fetus canal birth. 

These factors include pelvic fracture, pelvic size is small due to the immature female body mating time narrowing cervix, female animals genitals due to growth or scar tissue, bone tumor in the pelvis, uterus, female animals genitals, torsion and multiple births.

This is usually caused by:

1. Because the offspring;

Heredity to be caused by dystocia males and the factors that bring hidden (recessive genes)

Abnormalities in the mother such as:

1. abnormalities in the shape of the pelvic cavity
2. abnormalities in the reproductive organs
3. the ugly traits (recessive genes) are passed down to his son as hydrocehalus, ankylosis (abnormalities in the joints), monstositas (monsters) like the three legs, two heads and so on.

2. Food and factors like

• Many heifers are mated too early. While the cow's own body is not ready to accept the pregnancy.
• Excessive food, so the cow was too fat, resulting in many areas of fat deposits pelvic cavity, until the birth of a narrow road. Similarly, the cows are getting food that is not good so the growth of the child and parent health declined rapidly.

3. Traumatic factors / collisions.

Cows that were pregnant slip / fall can lead to some good effect on unborn child and to the parent. For example, due to slip / tumble can result in rotation of the uterus (uterine torsion), and can also occur in about pelvic pain to have distokia.

4. Disease factors.

The existence of inflammations of the reproductive tract such as endometritis so disturbed uterine contractions.

5. Other Causes

Other causes can be reviewed in terms of parent and child is the cause distokia for example: 

• a comparison that does not fit between the size of the fetuses with pelvis cavity.
• presence of abnormal uterine anatomy
• an enlarged view of the fetus is not normal
• the location of abnormal fetuses at the time of the birth.

SIGNS DYSTOCIA

The location of the fetuses in the uterus:

Recognized two types within the uterus where the fetus / child while in the womb to be born through the birth. The location is the anterior view of the fetus or the location where the face and breech or posterior position.

1. The location of the anterior (front location)

Anterior location of the current location of the child in the womb to be born facing female animals genitals its parent, so if someone wanted to help children deal with the animals he front of the child, while the front legs and head of the child into the pelvic space, with the back leads parent.

2. The location of the posterior (breech position)

The location of the posterior location of the child in the womb in which both hind legs and tail into the pelvic space, with the back of the child leads the back parent. Neither the location nor the location of the breech face of this child will be born through the birth easier, with the help of a strong contraction of the stomach and the diaphragm chamber that concentrates together contraction. But despite this very strong force, but if the location of the fetuses in the womb is wrong, then the fetus will be very difficult birth, even more often than not born at all. This event is called dystocia.

The location of the breech face and the location mentioned above was entirely called etokia location. So the whole layout view of the fetus in the womb that deviate from the description of the location where the breech face and as mentioned above is called the location dystocia.

HANDLING DYSTOCIA

Dystocia cases should be handled as an emergency, to achieve a satisfactory result is very important that the cow in question are examined and the sequence to establish a proper diagnosis in order to take appropriate countermeasures as well.

Information should be obtained from breeders such as: long pregnancy, history of previous marriages, whether dystocia.

Public inspection includes the physical condition of the cow, if thin, too fat, or in good condition, whether the animal is still able to stand. Pulsus and body temperature should be measured, in most cases distokia, pulsus and temperature increase. In cows run out of steam, to be examined may occur due to rupture of blood vessels bleeding or rupture of the uterus. Fluid state of the female animals genitals is thin, slimy, pus or rot often describe the condition of the fetus. State of fetal membrane that hangs on the female animals genitals can help his old dystocia.

Special examination consisted of examination of the genital tract and fetus. Cows should be forced to stand by sticking a sharp object on the hips, folding the tail with a coward. The birth canal must be examined whether the spin, slippery or dry, swollen, clogged, or tumor barrier. Degree of cervical relaxation, the size of the pelvis, female animals genitals associated with the size of the fetus. Examined whether the fetus is alive or dead, by pulling the foot if there is motion or not, putting a finger into the mouth of the presence or absence of fetal movement fetal sucking examined the problem

1. External genitalia and the surrounding area is washed using soap or disinfectant and hand washing with disinfectant.
2. Anastesia epidural to help with the cows and relieve pain and stop contraction useful for abdominal, facilitate the implementation of the mutation and the repulsion of the fetus. With epidural anesthesia cow would stand still without moving to and fro and did not lay a great help for handling.
3. Amount of anesthetic solution used was 2% xylocain or procain 5-10 ml for cow size of 300-600 kg body weight.
4. Usually there are three ways of handling distokia frequently used, namely mutation and pull foetotomi or embriotomi. To sectio Caesaria rare in cattle:

a. Mutation:

Distokia handling returned to positions where the fetus and the normal posture through repulsion and rotation and correction extermitas.

In the repulsion cow should stand. Repulsion is used to encourage the body of the fetus in the uterine cavity so as to give adequate space to facilitate the alignment extermitas swollen.

Rotation: It is the screening of the fetus on the axis length to carry the fetus to the dorso sacred position. This position is critical to smooth expenditure fetus.

b. Withdrawal:

Support withdrawal must be made binding on both legs and head. After withdrawal of the head and both feet have passed through the female animals genitals, the withdrawal is only done on both legs.

If the female animals genitals is rather small, especially virgins, dispensing head to be assisted by putting the head between the hands. If there is a withdrawal must be in tune with contraction when should be withdrawn and if the Relax and withdrawals must first be held simultaneously.

Withdrawals can be slippery with lubricant when the state has withered genitals.

c. If the fetus is too large it had to be done is cutting foetomi fetus to reduce the size of the fetus, foetotomi have to be careful because it could hurt the parent genitals.

Once completed wait out the placenta and placenta out after the bolus of antibiotics given broad spectrum antibiotic, such as terramycin, tetraciclin, aeromycin, penstrep etc. Syringe with a vitamin B Complex containing ATP and vitamins A, D, E.

Breeders would have felt anxious to see if the cow had difficulty at the time of delivery. Due to imagine alternatives to it are:

1. Parent and child can be helped.
2. Parent helped the child die.
3. Parent helped the child die.
4. Parent and child is not helped

In this case the officer will face a choice after considering the following matters:

1. The Cow medical attention.
2. Check out his son was alive or not.
3. Checking the pelvic cavity or not enough to pass the child.

Some of the options or paths can be taken include:

1. The correction lies the child (repositioning)
2. Forced withdrawal
3. Foetotomi.