A. SETTING THE BIRTH OF BEEF
The purpose of the cattle business in general is to get the maximum livestock production. Thus a farmer should be able to plan when to livestock birth corresponding with the animal work, so keep cattle can still give birth 1 year.
It should be noted the provision of a good meal, because the relationship anatar reproduction and food can not be separated from one another. The ultimate goal is the provision of food for livestock in good condition at 3 months after delivery. This can be achieved if the cows are fed enough and of good quality.
Factors to be considered in the food supply cattle include:
The pattern of seasonal grass plants The availability of seasonal agricultural wastes Demand for plowing seasonally. Keep in mind the cows should be done in the first two months and after 8 months of pregnancy. By using time delivery schedule along with a good supply of grass, farmers will get the cows in good condition at 3 months after delivery. The animals were not bad condition will show symptoms of lust and marriage programs that have been planned will not materialize.
B. ARRANGEMENTS CHILD BIRTH CATTLE POST
The cages of beef cattle in good condition even if still breastfeeding her son did not maintain the cycle lust. Therefore it is necessary to separate the calf from its mother so that the mother can lust again.
Children who are older cows when fed will still suck nutrients from its mother terlau lot. If they are weaned from their mother and only allowed one feeding a day in the morning or afternoon, then the parent will return estrus cows and can be mated.
Young calves easily reunited with their mother only when the cow was pregnant again. To provide additional food concentrates for calves, under these circumstances becomes relatively easy because the need for food is still sedikityy and approximately 1/2 kg at the age of 3 weeks up to a maximum of 2.7kg / day at 6 months. Additional suitable food can be prepared from the leaves of yellow corn mashed (2 parts), rice bran (1 part), one part peanut flour, soy refined limestone and salt may be added as much as 1/100 of the overall weight.
C. MAINTENANCE stud
Major problems found in stud cattle in Indonesia include
- Abnormal reproductive tract and semen quality is not good
- Maintenance procedure for the one where the stud cattle stud just grounded, not given the opportunity to approach the cows.
- Disadvantages for males would reduce the magnitude of these tests where it will also reduce fertility.
TO REMEMBER
During the breeding season, cows should be pastured together with every day the stud cattle stud in beef cattle breeding females could advance the cows are. If a cow tied males separated from the cows, they will lose their libido and the cows do not show signs of estrus. If old unmarried males (like 1 month) may be the first smeburan spermatozoannya concentrations so low that will not result in pregnancy. Because it's better male mates twice.
D. DETERMINE estrus (estrus SAPI)
The accuracy of the time breeders determine estrus (estrus) is essential if the cow will multiply mated naturally or mating injection. Cows were released in the field in the younger group known than living inside the cage itself.
Here are the signs of estrus cows as follows:
- Cattle owned by other cows stand still, while the ride is not necessarily lust
- female genitals cows swollen, tender and rosy
- Genitalia cows often out mucus and often attached to the tail and feet
- There are signs of damage to the skin and fur on cow backbone, resulting often ride other cows
- Females often bellowing cows, restless and frequent urination
- Cows were gathered in small groups and boarded his friends
E. Gestation AND BIRTH CATTLE
1. EXAMINATION pregnancy COW
Examination of gestation cow is one thing that is very important in the management of cattle and can be used to determine the cause of the failure of production. Examination of pregnancy through anal examination.
2. CHANGES AT THE END OF CATTLE pregnancy
At the time of birth approached, normal fetus will rotate into the correct position, where the head is located at the front of the hip and facing toward the cervix (neck of the womb). In this position, the calf can pass genital tract and pelvic bones with just a little bit of resistance fetus can sometimes be a difficult position where it can cause obstructed labor or even cause birth retention. In cases such relief must be done either by means of manually repositioning fetal surgery to remove it.
3. BIRTH
In the process of birth difficulties birth occasional problems, such as uterine torsion, hormonal disorders such as low hormone oxitocin, low hormone relaxin etc.. Sometimes the parent cows also had prolapse uteri, hypocalsemia, etc. purpuralis paresis. These problems will occur births worse if:
Animals experiencing food shortages early in pregnancy so that uninterrupted growth, especially the size of the hip or
Too much to eat at the end of the pregnancy would result in too rapid fetal growth resulting hip size is too small compared to the size of the fetus
Some things have to be prepared to help overcome the difficulties of births in cattle are:
- Note the date of marriage
- Mother cows that were pregnant grounded, given food and good drinks, invited exercise walks.
- If the udder is starting to swell, pregnant cows should not be used again for plowing or pulling carts.
Cows pregnant for 9 months, but there are some farmers who are not registering the marriage date so that it is not uncommon portion mengkira only wonder when mother cow giving birth. Ideally birth could be predicted from the remarks of marriage, but if it does not exist, then we must pay attention to the signs before the birth of a calf, which are:
- The nipple can be filled and milked
- Rib ride
- female animals genitals swelling 7-9 days before giving birth.
- Cow split from other cows.
- The first outbreak of the yellow water containing thin liquids.
- Cows give birth about 6 hours after the second liquid fraction sac.
If the cow gave birth to her son then wipe the remnants of the birth as soon as possible. In a normal birth, check after 24 hours and try to remove the cow placenta. If difficult to remove, leave first, check again after 2 days and ask for help officers ATR (Assistant Mechanical Reproduction.) If the parent cow sick, it needs to be given antibiotics for 3 days. To remove the placenta should not be forced to withdraw if necessary, leave for 2-3 days until the placenta detached. On examination of the reproductive organs, the officer must determine if the uterus is not bloated or full of pus after delivery. If this happens then it should be given drugs to attempt to remove the pus. The success of the reproductive process depends on whether the calf was born alive. A few hours after birth is a critical time. Avoid shock due to the sudden cold and give milk as soon mungkin.Sistem kolustrum immunity in calves has not been effective so as to prevent them highly dependent antibodies are of the same parent kolustrum. These antibodies are absorbed from the intestine calf just shortly after birth, kolustrum given only a few days after the birth of little artiny in helping to prevent diseases
Similarly, reproduction in cattle following the signs would cow giving birth and help the mother that gave birth to the calf, may be useful.
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